Operation “Cezary” was led by MBP [Ministerstwo Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego – Ministry of Public Security] from 1948–1952. After the 4th High Command of the Zrzeszenie “Wolność i Niezawisłość” (Freedom and Independence Association, WiN)  was liquidated by security police, Stanisław Sieńko, one of the leading figures of WiN, was recruited to secret cooperation with MBP. The secret police managed to forge around him the fictitious 5th High Command of WiN, its team consisting of MBP functionaries or agents (one of the key personalities was Henryk Wendrowski, previously involved in Operation “Lawina” [Avalanche]). The structures of this organisation were infiltrated by security police agents acting “in the dark”, i.e., they were convinced that they were infiltrating the actual underground organisation. The aim of the security police was twofold: first, to establish contact with Polish exile independence organisations (and with their help – with British and American intelligence services), and second – to disband the remaining post-Home Army and post-WiN circles in Poland.

In 1946, the members of the WiN 2nd High Command sent emissaries to the West, who subsequently formed the WiN Delegation Abroad. Its tasks were to pass on information about the situation in Poland and advance the Polish raison d’etat abroad. Having a vast network in Poland, the WiN Delegation had access to singular information on the process of Poland’s Sovietisation, the communists’ governing methods, and on the current situation in the country. However, this activity was increasingly difficult to fund and it was the main cause for initiating cooperation with British and American intelligence services. In exchange for funds to maintain its activity behind the Iron Curtain, WiN members passed to their Anglo-Saxon partners a portion of the information gained. In fabricating the counterfeit 5th High Command of WiN, the security police planned to pass prepared information to the West that would function as disinformation for British and American intelligence services. The second aim of the foreign element of Operation “Cezary” was to get control over the liaisons between the Polish underground in the country and exile circles abroad, that in future could create an opportunity to control the latter. In the course of the operation, the disinformation goals were achieved to a great extent, and succeeded, i.a., in influencing American preparations for eventual war with the Soviet Union.

The domestic elements of Operation “Cezary” were focusing on the infiltration of still existing underground units, and the identification of persons potentially engaged in resistance against the regime. Several hundred people, who were convinced that they were joining actual underground activities, were engaged in the operation. This incidence enabled the security police to register those persons as being an eventual threat to the regime and also to seize some arms caches and signalling devices – that until then had remained hidden after the crushing of previously active underground structures. At some stage of the operation, its key element was an action aiming at demolishing the still-active partisan unit of Capt. Kazimierz Kamieński, codename “Huzar”. They succeeded in 1952, when this experienced commanding officer was lured into an ambush in Warsaw. Kamiński was apprehended, sentenced to death in a show trial, and murdered along with several of his subordinates; his unit was finally destroyed. The operation was – for unknown reasons – interrupted in 1952, and some of the information concerning the ‘operational game’ with the WiN Foreign Delegation was declassified and used as communist propaganda.