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Operation „Lawina” („Avalanche”)

“Lawina” was an ‘operational game’ aiming for the dissolution of the national underground in Silesia. A key personality of the operation was Kazimierz Zaborski, pseud. “Łamigłowa” (Conundrum), an officer of the National Armed Forces (Narodowe Siły Zbrojne, NSZ), and head of its intelligence unit in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie (the Dąbrowa Coal Basin) – who, after the arrest of his daughters in the latter half of 1945, began to cooperate with the SB. After breaking up the original command of NSZ, security police formed the fictitious organisation “Śląskie Siły Zbrojne” (Silesian Armed Forces). During preparations for the operation, they decided to take advantage of the natural process of underground organisations in seeking a “higher summit”. The majority of the underground independence organisations were aware that individual activity would fail, so the possibilities of integration with the activity of an organisation of wider range were sought. In this operation, the key undercover role was played by Henryk Wendrowski. Wendrowski was already engaged in clandestine operations against the Silesian national underground in the autumn of 1945. After contact was made by Śląskie Siły Zbrojne with NSZ units in Silesia and Lesser Poland, Wendrowski – as a “representative of the NSZ District Command” penetrated “Bartek’s” partisan unit. In the summer of 1946, Wendrowski met with pilot and flight officer Capt. Henryk Flame, codename “Bartek,” and passed to him a purported order from the NSZ District Command to relocate the unit – in several transports – to Lower Silesia. The underground members, unaware that this was a provocation, decided to travel in the vicinity of Jelenia Góra in three separate groups. The first transport would contain only about a dozen partisans, the next, about 30 persons each. The details of the operation are still unknown – it is only known that in the end, Operation “Lawina” resulted in the murder of about 90–100 partisans of the NSZ unit commanded by “Bartek”. According to one of the accounts, about 70 partisans were held in a building in a remote part of Upper Silesia and drugged with a soporific agent mixed with drinks; the partisans were then killed by grenades thrown into the building. Those who survived were shot in the back of the head in the “Katyn” method.

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